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Medicinal sage is a dwarf shrub, a perennial medicinal plant 20-70 cm in height, it has upright, light hairy stems, they become woody and hard at the base. The tips are thick, hairy, scaly, pale gray-green leaves with slightly toothed edges. The flowers of the plant are blue-violet, in rare cases light pink and even white - placed at the tops of the plant. Fruits - four ovoid - three-sided nuts, which ripen in July-August.
For medicinal purposes, the leaves of the plant are collected as soon as the plant begins to bloom and a second time in September. The collected leaves of the plant are dried on sieves in shady and well-ventilated places, or in the dryer, it is important to understand that the maximum temperature is 40C, but the lower the temperature you dry, the more essential substances will remain in the plant.
Medicinal sage leaves contain 2.5% essential oil, which contains up to 15% cineole, linalool, alpha and beta pinene, barneol and its acetate, thujone, linalyl acetate and other turpentine compounds.
The leaves also contain tannins, vitamins P and PP, flavonoids: hispidulin, genquanine, 6-methoxygenquinine, salvitin, luteolin, 6-hydroxyluteolin, cirsiliol, cinnaroside, nepetine; alkaloids, tannins; triterpenoids: ursolic acid and oleanolic acid; ditherene salvin; phenol carbonate acids: chlorogenic, noochlorogenic, cryptochlorogenic, coffee, rosmarinic acids; bitter substances and phytoncides.
Medicinal significance
The basic properties of medicinal sage are associated with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and astringent properties. This is due to tannins and flavonoids in the leaves, as well as essential oils and vitamins P, PP.
Antimicrobial effect is more related to gram-positive bacteria, sage is less effective on gram-negative microorganisms.
The anti-inflammatory properties of sage are associated with reducing the permeability of blood vessels and capillary walls, as well as with the regenerative abilities of the blood composition. These properties have a direct impact on inflammatory processes, creating an inhibitory effect on the viability of pathogenic microflora.
When medicinal sage is used orally, it has a strengthening effect on the central nervous system, as well as normalizes the function of the gonads. The plant-based preparations also have a slight spasmolytic, liver-protecting, ulcer-healing, antilithogenic effect.
Medicinal sage leaf decoction and teas also have a sugar-lowering effect, so it is recommended for mild forms of diabetes. The bitter substances in the leaves of the plant promote the secretion of the gastric tract.
Nursing mothers should be very careful with sage, as it can stop lactation.
Medicinal sage is also applied externally as an infusion to rinse the oral cavity, for inhalations and compresses. Together with medicinal preparations, physioreflexotherapy and therapeutic exercises, the plant is used in the treatment of various joint diseases. Medicinal sage is also widely used in homeopathy.
The healing powers of sage were known long ago. In folk medicine, it was widely used to treat infertility, and it was also used to protect against plague.
This plant was widely used in folk medicine. Orally - for the treatment of atherosclerosis, hypertension, diseases of respiratory organs, diseases of digestive organs, liver, kidneys, nervous system, skin diseases, endocrine pathologies, as well as in gynecology and joint diseases (metabolic arthritis). Externally - for the treatment of inflammation of the mouth and throat, gingivitis, stomatitis, bleeding gums, abscess, angina and catarrh of the upper respiratory tract.
For men
Sage, together with parsley seeds, is used to treat impotence caused by inflammatory diseases of the genitals, hypogonadism caused by inflammatory diseases or trauma.
Along with other herbs, sage is used to treat prostate adenoma, impotence, hyposexuality, vesiculitis, prostatitis, painful erection.